As Zepto prepares for its IPO, its hybrid operating structure has emerged as a key area of focus for regulators, institutional investors, and legal experts. Unlike competitors that follow a single operating model, Zepto combines wholesale operations with a marketplace structure, resulting in a more complex business framework.
Under this model, Zepto recognises gross revenue from product sales alongside commissions, logistics charges, advertising income, and other service fees, making its revenue recognition approach different from peers such as Blinkit and Swiggy Instamart.
Industry experts believe the structure could attract greater regulatory scrutiny because India's FDI rules for e-commerce distinguish between inventory-led and marketplace-led business models, with different compliance requirements applicable to each.
Institutional investors are reportedly evaluating whether the company's operating model could face future regulatory changes or require structural modifications after listing, making compliance an important due diligence consideration ahead of the IPO.
Despite these concerns, the current structure has enabled Zepto to rapidly scale its quick-commerce operations while generating revenue from multiple streams, including product sales, advertising, logistics, and merchant services.
The regulatory discussion comes as Zepto is simultaneously focusing on improving profitability, unit economics, and operating efficiency, key themes highlighted in its IPO preparations and recent financial disclosures.
Investors are expected to closely monitor the company's disclosures on governance, compliance, and legal risks, particularly as regulatory oversight of India's fast-growing quick-commerce sector continues to evolve.
While no regulatory violation has been established, the article highlights that Zepto's unique legal and operating structure may remain an important discussion point during the IPO process as investors assess long-term regulatory certainty.
